Chapter 82

"Hehe, thanks, Brother Ma."

Zhuang Rui was just joking with the others. He put the Red Bull aside and continued, "There are three ways to polish jade: 'Wenpan' (gentle polishing), 'Wupan' (vigorous polishing), and 'Yipan' (intentional polishing). Some people also call them 'Slow polishing,' 'Rapid polishing,' and 'Intentional polishing.' 'Wenpan' refers to placing a piece of jade in a small cloth bag and carrying it close to your body every day, using the relatively constant temperature of your body to nurture it. You have to wait until a year before you can rub and play with it in your hands until the jade returns to its original appearance."

The process of polishing jade is time-consuming and laborious, requiring patience and composure. It is also a method used by the ancients to cultivate their minds and character. Usually, after two or three years of polishing, the color patina of the ancient jade will only become slightly visible. If the jade has been buried for too long, it may take ten or even several decades to polish it. Let me tell you a little story. In the history of the Qing Dynasty, there was a famous story of a father and son polishing a piece of jade for two generations, spending their entire lives polishing it. This piece of jade was polished until it had a bright and lustrous patina. It is now in the collection of a museum in Beijing. Experts estimate that this piece of jade has been polished for more than 60 years.

This method of polishing is rarely used nowadays. However, if you encounter a piece of high-quality ancient jade with five or more colors of patina, it is still better to use this method to polish it, because only jade polished in this way will be truly precious.

Even jade artifacts of slightly inferior quality can fetch hundreds of thousands of yuan if they are polished using traditional methods over several decades.

For example, Hanhai Auction House recently auctioned a very ordinary jade pendant dating back to the Warring States period. However, it was in excellent condition, with beautiful patina and color, and sold for 2.09 million RMB.

"Youngest brother, mine is also Han jade, the price difference is outrageous!"

Upon hearing this, the fourth brother couldn't sit still any longer and interrupted Zhuang Rui. It wasn't that he thought Fatty Ma's offer was too low, but rather that he felt a bit unbalanced because these were all Han jade pieces and the prices differed so much.

Chapter 173 Pan Yu (Part 2)

"Outrageous? Fourth Brother, if you were to handle this jade with your hands for seven or eight years without ever parting from it, I guarantee you could sell it for several hundred thousand. If the quality of this jade were even slightly better, it wouldn't be surprising if it sold for over a million. How about you give the money back to Brother Ma and play with it yourself?"

Zhuang Rui smiled as he looked at Lao Si. Playing with jade is a delicate art. People who don't truly love jade usually can't stick with it and give up halfway. With Lao Si's temperament, it would be a long time if he could play with it for three to five weeks.

"Come on, you know I don't have that kind of patience. Tell me if there's any quick way to polish jade. If it's convenient, I'll go find another good piece of jade."

The fourth brother said sullenly, still harboring some resentment towards the jade disc.

"You think finding an antique jade is like buying cabbage at the market? You got lucky today. You just stumbled upon it by chance. Didn't you see that Wei Ge only found a Han Dynasty white porcelain piece?"

"Hey, why are you talking about me, youngest brother? Let's not get off topic. Tell me the rest of the methods for 'Pan Yu'."

The eldest brother was afraid that Zhuang Rui would reveal the story about the Han Dynasty porcelain he had mentioned that morning. If that got out, it would be incredibly embarrassing, so he quickly changed the subject.

"Well, we've already talked about the 'Wenpan' method. Now let's talk about the 'Wupan' method. The so-called 'Wupan' method involves using human force to continuously handle and play with the jade, hoping to quickly achieve the goal of becoming familiar with it. This method is more commonly used by jade merchants."

After a year of wearing and handling, the hardness of jade will gradually recover. Then, wrap it in an old white cloth (avoid colored cloth, it must be white) and hire someone to rub it continuously day and night, 24 hours a day. The jade will heat up from the friction and become hotter and hotter. After a period of time, replace it with a new white cloth and continue to rub it.

The high temperature generated by rubbing the jade can quickly force out the ash and soil buried deep underground. As the color and patina solidify, the jade's color will become increasingly vibrant. In about a year, the jade can be restored to its original state. However, this "fierce rubbing" is very risky. When rubbing, both hands must apply even force. If the force is uneven, the jade could be easily destroyed.

Unless you're in the jade business, if you manage to find a decent piece of antique jade, I personally recommend using the "slow polishing" method to nurture it. Although it takes a bit longer, the results are excellent. During the nurturing process, you'll also develop an emotional connection to the jade, which is what makes it more valuable.

Regardless of the "gentle polishing" or "vigorous polishing" methods, the longer ancient jade has been buried in the earth, the more difficult it is to bring out its original color and texture. This is because it has been exposed to the earth's energy for a longer period and has absorbed more of it. This energy penetrates deeper into the jade's structure, and its true luster only slowly emerges. Learning to appreciate ancient jade can be achieved by wearing just a few pieces and polishing them for a short time each day; this can cultivate one's refinement and patience.

In fact, when Zhuang Rui first saw the jade disc of the fourth brother, he also had the idea of picking it up himself. However, he had seen several ancient jade pieces belonging to Uncle De, the worst of which were three-color patina and were even made of mutton fat jade. So he looked down on this jade disc. However, he also had the idea of finding a good jade to play with at this jade gambling conference.

"Brother Zhuang, the 'Wenpan' and 'Wupan' you mentioned take quite a while, don't you think the Yipan could be done a little faster?"

This girl named Yanzi, although she always appeared very quiet, playing with a piece of jade for a year or even longer was not an easy task for her. After all, it was a piece of jade to play with. Men could hang it on their waist, but it was inconvenient for women to carry it close to their bodies. That's why Zhuang Rui mentioned earlier that not many girls play with jade.

"Intentional plate? Hehe, you've got it backwards. These days, I doubt anyone would use the intentional plate method to nurture jade."

"Intentional handling" refers to jade enthusiasts holding jade pieces in their hands, playing with and appreciating them while simultaneously reflecting on the virtues of jade. They continuously absorb the essence of these virtues to cultivate their own character. Over time, this can lead to a refined state of harmony between the jade and the person. This method was particularly popular among ancient scholars and literati.

The practice of "yipan" (意盘) not only nurtures the jade, but also elevates the spirit of the person who practices it. Yipan is an extremely high level of practice that requires a spirit of seclusion. Rather than saying that the person is playing with the jade, it is more accurate to say that the jade is playing with the person. The person and the jade become one, and their spirits become connected. We often say that ancient jade is spiritual, which refers to the realm of Yipan.

However, very few people in history have been able to reach such a spiritual realm, let alone restless modern people. Therefore, the "Yipan" (意盘) is just a legendary state; everyone should just listen to it as a story.

After saying so much, Zhuang Rui was genuinely thirsty. He picked up the drink that Fatty Ma had tossed him, opened it, and started drinking. All the knowledge he had just shared was instilled in him by Uncle De. Zhuang Rui had an excellent memory, and by showing it off now, no one present could see that he was just a paper tiger, all talk and no action.

As soon as Zhuang Rui finished speaking, Fatty Ma clapped his hands and said, "Brother Zhuang, what you said has really enlightened me. I used to just hold the jade in my hand and play with it, thinking that was all there was to it. I didn't know there were so many intricacies involved. I've really learned something new today. Brother, let's not go to Guangzhou tonight. Let's find a place to have a drink. I have some things to ask you."

"Youngest brother, you've really lived up to your reputation as the manager of this pawnshop. You're quite the expert when it comes to these things. I'll find a nice jade plate for myself sometime."

Wei Ge's eyes lit up as he listened. If he had an antique jade pendant hanging from his waist, and could play with it in his hand from time to time, he would be very proud to go out. He wasn't just playing with the jade; he was playing with a culture that had been passed down for five thousand years.

"Brother Wei, find me one too, I want to try it out."

Although Lao Si was somewhat averse to the idea that these ancient jade pieces came from tombs, he was also tempted. Of course, things that couldn't be sold couldn't be taken back, but with his and Wei Ge's wealth and background, it wouldn't be too difficult for them to find a piece of good quality ancient jade.

"Hey young man, have a smoke..."

A somewhat unfamiliar voice came from the side. Zhuang Rui looked up and was immediately dizzy. Originally, there were only him, Wei Ge, Lao Si, and Fatty Ma in the sofa area. Now, apart from the sofa he and Fatty Ma were sitting on, the other five or six sofas were completely full of people. There were also about ten people standing next to the sofas, all looking at him. Although Zhuang Rui had been a junior leader for a few days, he was still a little scared by this scene.

"Everyone, is there anything I can help you with?"

When out and about, Zhuang Rui couldn't very well refuse someone's offer of a cigarette. He reached out and took the cigarette, and someone else immediately lit it for him. This sudden attentiveness left Zhuang Rui quite bewildered.

The man who offered Zhuang Rui a cigarette chuckled and said, "Hehe, young man, don't misunderstand. I do enjoy collecting jade, but after buying it, I mostly just keep it at home. I didn't know that jade needed to be nurtured. After hearing what you said today, I realize that I've been playing around with it for the past ten years."

"Yes, I knew about polishing jade before, but I didn't know there were different techniques. I've learned something new today."

"Young man, can you tell me if there are any taboos associated with this jade plate?"

"Yes, yes, young man, tell me, don't let a good piece of jade end up stuck in your hands."

Hearing the conversations of the crowd around him, Zhuang Rui realized that they had overheard all his idle chatter. He felt a chill run down his spine; he wondered what they would think if they knew he was all talk and no action.

Zhuang Rui had learned all this knowledge from Uncle De, and he didn't really have much of his own insight into it. It had nothing to do with the boasting of Fatty Ma and the others. He was still a little nervous about discussing it in front of so many people. He stood up, cupped his hands in greeting, and said, "Everyone, this is just my personal opinion. Please don't take it too seriously. You are all seniors, and everyone has their own way of playing with jade. I won't embarrass myself by offering my own opinion."

"It's alright, young man. Just tell me. I've been playing with jade for decades, and I only know about the fast and slow, gentle and vigorous methods of polishing. I don't know much about the intentional polishing you mentioned. I've learned something new today. Don't be afraid, just tell me..."

The speaker was an elderly man, who looked to be in his early sixties. He sat on the sofa opposite Zhuang Rui and encouraged Zhuang Rui to continue.

As people's living standards have improved in recent years, more and more people are collecting jade and antiques. However, most of them are beginners. They buy jade and put it at home to display. Some even make exquisite boxes to package it. For example, among the people gathered here, six or seven out of ten have never even heard of the term "playing with jade".

The "Yi Pan" method has long been abandoned and is rarely mentioned in the jade collecting circle. It was only occasionally mentioned by some literati before the liberation. That's how Uncle De learned about this method. Although the old man in front of him is not young, he also doesn't know about the "Yi Pan" method.

"Yeah, just say it, what are you dawdling for..."

An aged voice came from the back of the crowd, but the tone was rather unfriendly. It was rare to hear someone speak like that when asking for advice, which drew everyone's attention.

Zhuang Rui recognized the voice, but when he looked in the direction of the sound, he was blocked by the crowd and could not see who was speaking.

"Oh, it's Senior Uncle Gu!"

Zhuang Rui suddenly remembered who the voice belonged to. He had just sat down and hadn't even touched the sofa yet when he jumped up. He pushed through the crowd and, sure enough, Old Master Gu was standing outside the crowd, looking at him with a smile on his face.

"Uncle Gu, you're also laughing at me."

As Zhuang Rui spoke, he gestured for the old man to come inside.

"Hey, today's trip was worthwhile, this is the grandmaster of Jade Street."

"So this young man is an old master's nephew. No wonder he has such skill."

Ancient reputation is well-known in the jade industry, and many people know him. For a while, the people gathered around the sofa started talking about him.

Chapter 174 Pan Yu (Part 2)

"Uncle-Master Gu, what brings you here?"

After the old man sat down, Zhuang Rui asked a question, but as soon as the words left his mouth, he knew he had asked too much. It was perfectly normal for the old man, with his status, to attend this Pingzhou jadeite rough stone trade fair.

"Shouldn't I have come? Does that mean you should have come?"

Old Master Gu seemed to be in a bad mood today, and he spoke rather bluntly.

"Uncle-Master, I was invited by a friend. Otherwise, how would I know there was a jade trade fair here?"

Zhuang Rui honestly replied that he really wouldn't have known if Song Jun hadn't told him.

"Oh? Is that so? Then I misunderstood you..."

It turns out that Old Master Gu thought Zhuang Rui had tasted success with jade gambling in Nanjing and wanted to try his luck again. He was Zhuang Rui's grandfather's student and had a fondness for Zhuang Rui, treating him like a nephew. He didn't want to see Zhuang Rui addicted to jade gambling, which is why his tone was so unpleasant just now.

“Uncle-Master, I was just lucky before. These past few months in Zhonghai have been mainly for studying. I haven’t been gambling on stones anymore.”

After Zhuang Rui understood what Grandpa Gu was thinking, he couldn't help but laugh and cry at the same time. However, he was still grateful for Grandpa Gu's heartfelt care.

"Old Gu, it's been two years since I last saw you. You must come visit me sometime."

Fatty Ma actually knew Old Master Gu, and he came over to greet him.

"Oh, it's Mr. Ma. What have you caught this time that made you come here?"

Old Master Gu is not detached from worldly affairs; sometimes he helps people appraise things. Two years ago, he appraised a few ancient jade pieces for Fatty Ma, so they became acquainted.

"Hehe, I just came to join in the fun. I didn't expect Brother Zhuang to be so familiar with you."

Fatty Ma smiled brightly, completely unconcerned by Old Master Gu's slightly sarcastic remarks.

"Xiao Zhuang and I are old friends, Mr. Ma, please take good care of him in the future."

Old Gu briefly explained his relationship with Zhuang Rui. Old Gu knew that Fatty Ma was no ordinary person. Two years ago, he knew that Fatty Ma knew nothing about jade, but among the dozen or so pieces of antique jade in his collection, only one was a fake that had been artificially aged; the rest were genuine, including several quite fine and rare pieces. Old Gu was very impressed that Fatty Ma, a layman, had such discerning eyes. His words were also a way of putting in a good word for Zhuang Rui.

“Old man, are the methods for ‘polishing jade’ that this young man just mentioned true? Could you please give me your opinion?”

The onlookers, seeing that Old Master Gu had sat down, chatted happily with Zhuang Rui and the others. Some of the bolder ones even shouted out. You see, Old Master Gu is an absolute authority in the jade industry, and he is rarely seen. Naturally, no one wanted to miss such a good opportunity to ask him for advice.

“Old Gu, you just got off the plane. It’s a bit noisy here. Why don’t you go upstairs and rest for a while? We’ve already arranged a room for you.”

At this moment, a middle-aged man who had been following closely behind Gu Lao leaned over and whispered in Gu Lao's ear that he must be the official who had invited Gu Lao to come.

"It's alright, I'll sit here for a while."

Old Gu waved his hand dismissively. Seeing that Old Gu refused to go upstairs to rest, the man had no choice but to go to the side, take out his phone, and make a call.

"Xiao Zhuang, I didn't expect your jade appraisal skills to improve so much in just a few months. What you said earlier was all correct. Please continue."

Seeing the expectant looks in the crowd, Gu Lao had an idea and steered the conversation back to Zhuang Rui.

"Senior Uncle, this is unfair! With you here, I have no right to speak..."

The old man's words made Zhuang Rui anxious. Showing off his knowledge of jade in front of him was like trying to teach a master swordsman to use his skills in front of Guan Yu; he was just asking for trouble.

"Sit down."

The old man pressed down on Zhuang Rui's body as he was about to stand up, and said, "No matter what profession you are in, there is no order of learning. Those who are skilled are your teachers. What you just said is all correct. I have nothing to criticize. Don't be afraid, continue."

Zhuang Rui understood a little better now. The old man was praising him. For someone of his age to say such things would probably spread throughout the jade collecting industry in no time. The old man's words were like leading him into the door.

Sure enough, after the old man spoke, the onlookers began to whisper among themselves. Some believed Zhuang Rui's statement about "panyu," but many more had doubts. The reason was simple: Zhuang Rui was too young. However, after the old man's words, the way everyone looked at Zhuang Rui was completely different from before.

"Young man, since the old man has asked you to speak, then speak."

The man who had just handed Zhuang Rui the cigarette spoke up.

Zhuang Rui hesitated for a moment. He did know the specific methods for handling ancient jade, but they were all theoretical. If he made a mistake, he would become a laughing stock. However, he was in a difficult situation. After thinking for a moment, Zhuang Rui braced himself and said, "The method for handling jade was taught to me by an elder. I will share it with everyone. Please correct me if there is anything I have missed."

Let's leave aside jadeite and other hard jade for now. Let's talk about nephrite. If you're lucky enough to find a piece of jade that has been unearthed but hasn't been handled yet, it's best not to start handling it right away. Instead, soak it in clean water for two days. If it's jade from a new mine (that is, jade that has just been unearthed), the water temperature should be around 70 or 80 degrees Celsius.

After soaking, a white, sticky substance will seep out from the jade. This can be called the patina of the jade. As everyone knows, the patina refers to the glossy oxide layer that forms on the surface of antique objects during long-term storage and handling.

⚙️
Reading style

Font size

18

Page width

800
1000
1280

Read Skin

Chapter list ×
Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Chapter 41 Chapter 42 Chapter 43 Chapter 44 Chapter 45 Chapter 46 Chapter 47 Chapter 48 Chapter 49 Chapter 50 Chapter 51 Chapter 52 Chapter 53 Chapter 54 Chapter 55 Chapter 56 Chapter 57 Chapter 58 Chapter 59 Chapter 60 Chapter 61 Chapter 62 Chapter 63 Chapter 64 Chapter 65 Chapter 66 Chapter 67 Chapter 68 Chapter 69 Chapter 70 Chapter 71 Chapter 72 Chapter 73 Chapter 74 Chapter 75 Chapter 76 Chapter 77 Chapter 78 Chapter 79 Chapter 80 Chapter 81 Chapter 82 Chapter 83 Chapter 84 Chapter 85 Chapter 86 Chapter 87 Chapter 88 Chapter 89 Chapter 90 Chapter 91 Chapter 92 Chapter 93 Chapter 94 Chapter 95 Chapter 96 Chapter 97 Chapter 98 Chapter 99 Chapter 100 Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 103 Chapter 104 Chapter 105 Chapter 106 Chapter 107 Chapter 108 Chapter 109 Chapter 110 Chapter 111 Chapter 112 Chapter 113 Chapter 114 Chapter 115 Chapter 116 Chapter 117 Chapter 118 Chapter 119 Chapter 120 Chapter 121 Chapter 122 Chapter 123 Chapter 124 Chapter 125 Chapter 126 Chapter 127 Chapter 128 Chapter 129 Chapter 130 Chapter 131 Chapter 132 Chapter 133 Chapter 134 Chapter 135 Chapter 136 Chapter 137 Chapter 138 Chapter 139 Chapter 140 Chapter 141 Chapter 142 Chapter 143 Chapter 144 Chapter 145 Chapter 146 Chapter 147 Chapter 148 Chapter 149 Chapter 150 Chapter 151 Chapter 152 Chapter 153 Chapter 154 Chapter 155 Chapter 156 Chapter 157 Chapter 158 Chapter 159 Chapter 160 Chapter 161 Chapter 162 Chapter 163 Chapter 164 Chapter 165 Chapter 166 Chapter 167 Chapter 168 Chapter 169 Chapter 170 Chapter 171 Chapter 172 Chapter 173 Chapter 174 Chapter 175 Chapter 176 Chapter 177 Chapter 178 Chapter 179 Chapter 180 Chapter 181 Chapter 182 Chapter 183 Chapter 184 Chapter 185 Chapter 186 Chapter 187 Chapter 188 Chapter 189 Chapter 190 Chapter 191 Chapter 192 Chapter 193 Chapter 194 Chapter 195 Chapter 196 Chapter 197 Chapter 198 Chapter 199 Chapter 200 Chapter 201 Chapter 202 Chapter 203 Chapter 204 Chapter 205 Chapter 206 Chapter 207 Chapter 208 Chapter 209 Chapter 210 Chapter 211 Chapter 212 Chapter 213 Chapter 214 Chapter 215 Chapter 216 Chapter 217 Chapter 218 Chapter 219 Chapter 220 Chapter 221 Chapter 222 Chapter 223 Chapter 224 Chapter 225 Chapter 226 Chapter 227 Chapter 228 Chapter 229 Chapter 230 Chapter 231 Chapter 232 Chapter 233 Chapter 234 Chapter 235 Chapter 236 Chapter 237 Chapter 238 Chapter 239 Chapter 240 Chapter 241 Chapter 242 Chapter 243 Chapter 244 Chapter 245 Chapter 246 Chapter 247 Chapter 248 Chapter 249 Chapter 250 Chapter 251 Chapter 252 Chapter 253 Chapter 254 Chapter 255 Chapter 256 Chapter 257 Chapter 258 Chapter 259 Chapter 260 Chapter 261 Chapter 262 Chapter 263 Chapter 264 Chapter 265 Chapter 266 Chapter 267 Chapter 268 Chapter 269 Chapter 270 Chapter 271 Chapter 272 Chapter 273 Chapter 274 Chapter 275 Chapter 276 Chapter 277 Chapter 278 Chapter 279 Chapter 280 Chapter 281 Chapter 282 Chapter 283 Chapter 284 Chapter 285 Chapter 286 Chapter 287 Chapter 288 Chapter 289 Chapter 290 Chapter 291 Chapter 292 Chapter 293 Chapter 294 Chapter 295 Chapter 296 Chapter 297 Chapter 298 Chapter 299 Chapter 300 Chapter 301 Chapter 302 Chapter 303 Chapter 304 Chapter 305 Chapter 306 Chapter 307 Chapter 308 Chapter 309 Chapter 310 Chapter 311 Chapter 312 Chapter 313 Chapter 314 Chapter 315 Chapter 316 Chapter 317 Chapter 318 Chapter 319 Chapter 320 Chapter 321 Chapter 322 Chapter 323 Chapter 324 Chapter 325 Chapter 326 Chapter 327 Chapter 328 Chapter 329 Chapter 330 Chapter 331 Chapter 332 Chapter 333 Chapter 334 Chapter 335 Chapter 336 Chapter 337 Chapter 338 Chapter 339 Chapter 340 Chapter 341 Chapter 342 Chapter 343 Chapter 344 Chapter 345 Chapter 346 Chapter 347 Chapter 348 Chapter 349 Chapter 350 Chapter 351 Chapter 352 Chapter 353 Chapter 354 Chapter 355 Chapter 356 Chapter 357 Chapter 358 Chapter 359 Chapter 360 Chapter 361 Chapter 362 Chapter 363 Chapter 364 Chapter 365 Chapter 366 Chapter 367 Chapter 368 Chapter 369 Chapter 370 Chapter 371 Chapter 372 Chapter 373 Chapter 374 Chapter 375 Chapter 376 Chapter 377 Chapter 378 Chapter 379 Chapter 380 Chapter 381 Chapter 382 Chapter 383 Chapter 384 Chapter 385 Chapter 386 Chapter 387 Chapter 388 Chapter 389 Chapter 390 Chapter 391 Chapter 392 Chapter 393 Chapter 394 Chapter 395 Chapter 396 Chapter 397 Chapter 398 Chapter 399 Chapter 400 Chapter 401 Chapter 402 Chapter 403 Chapter 404 Chapter 405 Chapter 406 Chapter 407 Chapter 408 Chapter 409 Chapter 410 Chapter 411 Chapter 412 Chapter 413 Chapter 414 Chapter 415 Chapter 416 Chapter 417 Chapter 418 Chapter 419 Chapter 420 Chapter 421 Chapter 422 Chapter 423 Chapter 424 Chapter 425 Chapter 426 Chapter 427 Chapter 428 Chapter 429 Chapter 430 Chapter 431 Chapter 432 Chapter 433 Chapter 434 Chapter 435 Chapter 436 Chapter 437 Chapter 438 Chapter 439 Chapter 440 Chapter 441 Chapter 442 Chapter 443 Chapter 444 Chapter 445 Chapter 446 Chapter 447 Chapter 448 Chapter 449 Chapter 450 Chapter 451 Chapter 452 Chapter 453 Chapter 454 Chapter 455 Chapter 456 Chapter 457 Chapter 458 Chapter 459 Chapter 460 Chapter 461 Chapter 462 Chapter 463 Chapter 464 Chapter 465 Chapter 466 Chapter 467 Chapter 468 Chapter 469 Chapter 470 Chapter 471 Chapter 472 Chapter 473 Chapter 474 Chapter 475 Chapter 476 Chapter 477 Chapter 478 Chapter 479 Chapter 480 Chapter 481 Chapter 482 Chapter 483 Chapter 484 Chapter 485 Chapter 486 Chapter 487 Chapter 488 Chapter 489 Chapter 490 Chapter 491 Chapter 492 Chapter 493 Chapter 494 Chapter 495 Chapter 496 Chapter 497 Chapter 498 Chapter 499 Chapter 500 Chapter 501 Chapter 502 Chapter 503 Chapter 504 Chapter 505 Chapter 506 Chapter 507 Chapter 508 Chapter 509 Chapter 510 Chapter 511 Chapter 512 Chapter 513 Chapter 514 Chapter 515 Chapter 516 Chapter 517 Chapter 518 Chapter 519 Chapter 520 Chapter 521 Chapter 522 Chapter 523 Chapter 524 Chapter 525 Chapter 526 Chapter 527 Chapter 528 Chapter 529 Chapter 530 Chapter 531 Chapter 532 Chapter 533 Chapter 534 Chapter 535 Chapter 536 Chapter 537 Chapter 538 Chapter 539 Chapter 540 Chapter 541 Chapter 542 Chapter 543 Chapter 544 Chapter 545 Chapter 546 Chapter 547 Chapter 548 Chapter 549 Chapter 550 Chapter 551 Chapter 552 Chapter 553 Chapter 554 Chapter 555 Chapter 556 Chapter 557 Chapter 558 Chapter 559 Chapter 560 Chapter 561 Chapter 562 Chapter 563 Chapter 564 Chapter 565 Chapter 566 Chapter 567 Chapter 568 Chapter 569 Chapter 570 Chapter 571 Chapter 572 Chapter 573 Chapter 574 Chapter 575 Chapter 576 Chapter 577 Chapter 578 Chapter 579 Chapter 580 Chapter 581 Chapter 582 Chapter 583 Chapter 584 Chapter 585 Chapter 586 Chapter 587 Chapter 588 Chapter 589 Chapter 590 Chapter 591 Chapter 592 Chapter 593 Chapter 594 Chapter 595 Chapter 596 Chapter 597 Chapter 598 Chapter 599 Chapter 600 Chapter 601 Chapter 602 Chapter 603 Chapter 604 Chapter 605 Chapter 606 Chapter 607 Chapter 608 Chapter 609 Chapter 610 Chapter 611 Chapter 612 Chapter 613 Chapter 614 Chapter 615 Chapter 616 Chapter 617 Chapter 618 Chapter 619 Chapter 620 Chapter 621 Chapter 622 Chapter 623 Chapter 624 Chapter 625 Chapter 626 Chapter 627 Chapter 628 Chapter 629 Chapter 630 Chapter 631 Chapter 632 Chapter 633 Chapter 634 Chapter 635 Chapter 636 Chapter 637 Chapter 638 Chapter 639 Chapter 640 Chapter 641 Chapter 642 Chapter 643 Chapter 644 Chapter 645 Chapter 646 Chapter 647 Chapter 648 Chapter 649 Chapter 650 Chapter 651 Chapter 652 Chapter 653 Chapter 654 Chapter 655 Chapter 656 Chapter 657 Chapter 658 Chapter 659 Chapter 660 Chapter 661 Chapter 662 Chapter 663 Chapter 664 Chapter 665 Chapter 666 Chapter 667 Chapter 668 Chapter 669 Chapter 670 Chapter 671 Chapter 672 Chapter 673 Chapter 674 Chapter 675 Chapter 676 Chapter 677 Chapter 678 Chapter 679 Chapter 680 Chapter 681 Chapter 682 Chapter 683 Chapter 684 Chapter 685 Chapter 686 Chapter 687 Chapter 688 Chapter 689 Chapter 690 Chapter 691 Chapter 692 Chapter 693 Chapter 694 Chapter 695 Chapter 696 Chapter 697 Chapter 698 Chapter 699 Chapter 700 Chapter 701 Chapter 702 Chapter 703 Chapter 704 Chapter 705 Chapter 706 Chapter 707 Chapter 708 Chapter 709 Chapter 710 Chapter 711 Chapter 712 Chapter 713 Chapter 714 Chapter 715 Chapter 716 Chapter 717 Chapter 718 Chapter 719 Chapter 720 Chapter 721 Chapter 722 Chapter 723 Chapter 724 Chapter 725 Chapter 726 Chapter 727 Chapter 728 Chapter 729 Chapter 730 Chapter 731 Chapter 732 Chapter 733 Chapter 734 Chapter 735 Chapter 736 Chapter 737 Chapter 738 Chapter 739 Chapter 740 Chapter 741 Chapter 742 Chapter 743 Chapter 744 Chapter 745 Chapter 746 Chapter 747 Chapter 748 Chapter 749 Chapter 750 Chapter 751 Chapter 752 Chapter 753 Chapter 754 Chapter 755 Chapter 756 Chapter 757 Chapter 758 Chapter 759 Chapter 760 Chapter 761 Chapter 762 Chapter 763 Chapter 764 Chapter 765 Chapter 766 Chapter 767 Chapter 768 Chapter 769 Chapter 770 Chapter 771 Chapter 772 Chapter 773 Chapter 774 Chapter 775 Chapter 776 Chapter 777 Chapter 778 Chapter 779 Chapter 780 Chapter 781 Chapter 782 Chapter 783 Chapter 784 Chapter 785 Chapter 786